国家大数据战略
大数据是以容量大、类型多、存取速度快、应用价值高为主要特征的数据集合。
2014年3月，大数据首次写入中国中央政府工作报告；2015年10月，党的十八届五中全会正式提出“实施国家大数据战略，推进数据资源开放共享”。这表明中国已将大数据视作战略资源并上升为国家战略，期望运用大数据推动经济发展、完善社会治理、提升政府服务和监管能力。2018年5月，习近平在向中国国际大数据产业博览会的致辞中指出，我们秉持创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，围绕建设网络强国、数字中国、智慧社会，全面实施国家大数据战略，助力中国经济从高速增长转向高质量发展。
推行国家大数据战略，可以促使中国政府向“数据治理”转变，促进政府与民众的沟通互联，提高政府应对各类事件和问题的智能化水平。同时，中国希望通过推行国家大数据战略，加快大数据发展核心技术研发及应用，重构国家综合竞争优势，赢得未来发展先机。
The national big data strategy
Big data can be characterized by the huge volume, the wide variety, the extreme velocity at which data are processed, and the high value that big-data technologies can create.
The issue of big data was discussed for the first time in the Report on the Work of the Government delivered in March 2014. At its fifth plenary session in October 2015, the 18th CPC Central Committee unveiled a national big data strategy that promotes open exchange and sharing of data. The need for such a strategy underscores the increasing importance of big data as a strategic asset on China's development agenda. The strategy calls for exploring the potential of big-data technologies to boost economic growth, and improve governance at all levels, as well as government services and regulation.
In his congratulatory letter to an industrial exposition in May 2018, Xi Jinping said that China would pursue the vision of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, and implement a big data strategy to build its cyberspace strength, make itself a digital country and a smart society, and boost its economic transfer from rapid growth to high-quality development.
This move will enable the Chinese government to take a data-based approach to governance. It will not only create a higher level of interaction with the public, but also enhance the ability of the government to respond to exigencies and solve problems with the aid of smart data technologies. The implementation of this strategy is also expected to accelerate big data related core technology research, development and application, so as to enhance China's national competitiveness and pave the way for future development.
