三大攻坚战
2017年10月，习近平在十九大报告中首次提出，要坚决打好防范化解重大风险、精准脱贫、污染防治的攻坚战，使全面建成小康社会得到人民认可、经得起历史检验。2017年12月，中央经济工作会议强调，打好防范化解重大风险、精准脱贫、污染防治三大攻坚战，是今后3年必须完成的重点任务，2018年必须在打好三大攻坚战方面取得扎实进展。
打好防范化解重大风险攻坚战，重点是防控金融风险，做好重点领域风险防范和处置，坚决打击违法违规金融活动，加强薄弱环节监管制度建设；打好精准脱贫攻坚战，关键是瞄准特定贫困群众精准帮扶，向深度贫困地区聚焦发力，激发贫困人口内生动力，加强考核监督；打好污染防治攻坚战，重点是打赢蓝天保卫战，调整产业结构，淘汰落后产能，调整能源结构，加大节能力度和考核，调整运输结构。
三大攻坚战中，防范化解重大风险是首位。实现高质量发展，打好三大攻坚战，还须尽快补齐精准脱贫和污染防治这两块全面建成小康社会的突出短板。
Risk management, poverty reduction and pollution control
In his report to the 19th CPC National Congress in October 2017, Xi Jinping emphasized the need to guard against and defuse major risks, to implement targeted anti-poverty measures, and to control and fight pollution. These tasks are essential for ensuring that what has propelled us to success in building a moderately prosperous society will continue to inspire our people and stand the test of time. They were given priority at the Central Economic Work Conference in December 2017, which reaffirmed that these tasks must be implemented with urgency in the coming three years, and tangible progress must be made in 2018.
Among risk management measures, the most important is to control financial and other major risks, fight illegal financial activities, and strengthen regulation, especially in vulnerable areas. To win the anti-poverty battle, it is crucial to target specific groups and pockets of extreme poverty and mobilize those trapped in poverty to contribute to the fight. Performance appraisal and oversight are also important. To control pollution, we must impose stringent emission control measures. To this end, it is necessary to adjust the economic structure, phase out outdated production capacity, change energy consumption patterns, strengthen energy conservation measures, step up performance evaluation, and adapt transport methods and infrastructure.
Of these three tasks, risk control is of the utmost importance. In order to achieve quality in upgrading our development, risk control must be accompanied by effective measures to fight poverty and pollution, the two daunting barriers to our march toward greater prosperity.
