供给侧结构性改革

供给侧结构性改革

2015年11月10日,在中央财经领导小组第十一次会议上,习近平提出推进"供给侧改革"这一重要战略决策。中共十九大报告进一步强调,建设现代化经济体系,必须把发展经济的着力点放在实体经济上,把提高供给体系质量作为主攻方向,显著增强我国经济质量优势。供给侧结构性改革,最终目的是满足需求,主攻方向是提高供给质量,根本途径是深化改革。满足需求,就是深入研究市场变化,理解现实需求和潜在需求,在解放和发展社会生产力中更好满足人民日益增长的物质文化需要。提高供给质量,就是减少无效供给、扩大有效供给,着力提升整个供给体系质量,提高供给结构对需求结构的适应性。深化改革,就是完善市场在资源配置中起决定性作用的体制机制,深化行政管理体制改革,打破垄断,健全要素市场,使价格机制真正引导资源配置。当前供给侧结构性改革的主要任务是去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板。通过一系列政策举措,特别是推动科技创新、发展实体经济、保障和改善人民生活的政策措施,提高供给体系质量,为经济持续健康发展提供源源不断的内生动力。

Supply-Side Structural Reform

Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of "supply-side reform" at the 11th meeting of the Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs under the CPC Central Committee on November 10, 2015.

The report to the 19th CPC National Congress stressed that in developing a modernized economy, China must focus on the real economy, give priority to improving the quality of the supply system, and enhance the quality of the economy.

The ultimate goal of supply-side reform is to meet demand by improving quality through further reform. In order to meet demand, we must have a clear sense of market changes and understand the present and potential demand so that products can be made available through unleashed and increased productivity to meet the growing material and cultural needs of the population. In order to improve the quality of supply, we need to increase effective supply through a systemic improvement on the supply side so that ineffective supply is weeded out and supply is structured in a way that can effectively meet demand.

The fundamental approach to achieving this goal is in-depth reform. Institutions must be put in place to allow the market to play a decisive role in the allocation of resources. Further reform is also needed with the administrative management system in order to break up monopoly and maintain a healthy factor market so that the price mechanism can truly serve as a guide for resource allocation. Structural reform on the supply side is designed to address overcapacity, reduce inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and tackle areas of weaknesses.

In order to resolve supply-side problems and generate constant driving forces for sustained and healthy economic growth, a number of policy measures are needed, especially those that aim to encourage innovation, growth in the real economy, and improved living standards.