科教兴国战略
1995年5月,中共中央、国务院召开全国科学技术大会,决定在全国实施科教兴国战略。20多年来,“九五”计划、2010年远景目标等一系列重大决策部署不断赋予“科教兴国”新的时代内涵。中共十九大报告更是将科教兴国战略确定为决胜全面建成小康社会需要坚定实施的七大战略之一。科教兴国战略就是在“科学技术是第一生产力”思想的指导下,坚持教育为本,把科技和教育摆在经济社会发展的重要位置,增强国家的科技实力和科学技术向现实生产力转化的能力,提高科技对经济的贡献率,提高全民族的科技文化素质,把经济建设转移到依靠科技进步和提高劳动者素质的轨道上来,加速实现国家的繁荣昌盛。
科教兴国战略,基础在教育,关键在科技。实施科教兴国战略,必须充分发挥科技和教育在兴国中的基础作用,必须深化科技和教育体制改革,促进科技、教育同经济相结合。科技工作必须自觉面向经济建设主战场,将攻克国民经济发展中迫切需要解决的关键问题作为主要任务;教育工作要面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来,通过优化教育结构,改革教育体制,合理配置资源,提高教育质量和办学效益,使教育与经济紧密结合起来。
Strategy for Invigorating China Through Science and Education
The strategy for invigorating China through science and education was unveiled by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council at the National Conference on Science and Technology held in May 1995. It has been enriched with the infusion of new insights contained in a series of policies rolled out since then, including the Ninth Five-year Plan and Vision 2010. It was highlighted in the report to the 19th CPC National Congress as one of the seven strategies for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society.
This strategy is guided by the thinking that science and technology is a primary source of productivity growth. It emphasizes the importance of education and science and technology in promoting economic and social development, and the need to strengthen capacity in science and technology and to expand the application of science and technology to productivity growth, so as to increase the contribution of science and technology to the economy. The strategy also aims to raise public awareness and understanding as part of the effort to increase the role of science and technology in economic development and to promote human development, a move that helps accelerate China’s march toward greater prosperity.
This strategy relies on education. To ensure that science and technology plays its due role in economic development, further institutional reform is necessary in education and in the field of science and technology, and better alignment is called for between education and science and technology on the one hand and the economy in general on the other. Science and technology initiatives should be better geared toward economic development, and focus more on tackling urgent issues that bear on economic development. Education should be oriented toward modernization and toward the future, with greater openness to the outside world. Structural reform in education should proceed in tandem with measures to rationalize resource allocation, so as to improve education quality and efficiency and to ensure that education better serves the economy.