居家隔离人员防控
居家隔离是科学防控的必要手段,也是阻止病毒传播蔓延的重要方法之一。为指导居家隔离医学观察的人员做好个人防护,预防和控制感染,国家卫生健康委在2020年2月5日印发的《新冠肺炎防控中居家隔离医学观察感染防控指引(试行)》中,对居家隔离医学观察随访者、居家隔离医学观察人员及其家庭成员或室友等相关人员的感染防控措施作出详细介绍。
根据该防控指引,居家隔离医学观察人员感染防控应注意:可选择家庭中通风较好的房间隔离,多开窗通风,保持房门随时关闭,在打开与其他家庭成员或室友相通的房门时先开窗通风;不随意离开隔离房间,必须离开隔离房间时,先戴好外科口罩,洗手或手消毒后再出门;尽可能减少与其他家庭成员或室友接触,保持1米以上距离并尽量处于下风向;避免使用中央空调;保持充足休息和充足营养,最好在隔离房间内进食、饮水,分时段共用卫生间,用后通风并用酒精等消毒剂对身体接触的物体表面清洁消毒;讲究咳嗽礼仪,咳嗽时用纸巾遮盖口鼻,不随地吐痰,纸巾及口罩用后丢入专门的带盖垃圾桶内;用过的物品及时清洁消毒;按居家隔离医学观察通知,每日上下午测量体温,自觉发热时随时测量并记录,出现发热、咳嗽、气促等急性呼吸道症状时,及时联系隔离点观察人员。
此外,居家隔离医学观察人员的家庭成员、室友、物业保洁人员、保安人员等需接触居家隔离观察对象时,也应注意防控,正确穿戴和摘脱防护用品。
Prevention and Control for People Under Home Quarantine
Home quarantine is a scientific way and an important means to contain the virus from spreading. The Guidelines on Medical Observation at Home for COVID-19 Prevention and Control (Trial), released by the NHC on February 5, detailed the measures for people under home quarantine and their family members/roommates, and staff conducting follow-up visits to them.
According to its suggestions, people under home quarantine and medical observation should do the following:
* Stay in a well-ventilated room, and keep windows open for ventilation but door closed;
* Open the window of their room for ventilation before opening the door that connects to where family members or roommates live;
* Avoid leaving the room, and wear a surgical mask, wash or sanitize hands before going out, if they must;
* Minimize contacts with family members or roommates, keep a distance of at least one meter from them, and try to be in the downwind direction;
* Not use the central air-conditioning;
* Get adequate rest and nutrition, and eat and drink in their own room;
* Timeshare bathrooms, and after usage, keep the bathroom ventilated, and use alcohol and other disinfectants to sterilize all the surfaces of objects that are subject to physical contacts;
* Practice the Cough Etiquette: covering mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing; no spitting; and putting the used tissues and masks into special waste receptacles with covers;
* Clean and disinfect immediately all objects they have used;
* Follow the notice for medical observation at home to measure body temperature every morning and afternoon or anytime when they have a fever;
* Contact staff at the quarantine center if they develop acute respiratory symptoms such as fever, cough, and panting.
If family members, roommates, staff of property management, cleaning and security, and other people need to come into contact with the people under medical observation at home, they are recommended to correctly wear and remove protective suits.