问题导向
增强问题意识,强化问题导向,进而形成解决问题的新体制新机制,是中共十八大以来以习近平同志为核心的党中央治国理政的重要思想方法和工作方法。
在扶贫工作中,问题导向主要体现为“坚持从严要求,促进真抓实干”,即及时解决脱贫攻坚中影响脱贫攻坚进程的各类态度、做法、方法问题。对此,习近平指出,要坚持问题导向,集中力量解决脱贫领域“四个意识”不强、责任落实不到位、工作措施不精准、资金管理使用不规范、工作作风不扎实、考核评估不严格等突出问题。要认真总结,完善考核工作机制,坚持问题导向,敢于较真碰硬,使考核工作更加科学有效、符合实际,进而有力督促引导各地区做到精准扶贫、精准脱贫,不断提高脱贫攻坚工作成效。
2018年5月31日,中共中央政治局召开会议审议《关于打赢脱贫攻坚战三年行动的指导意见》,明确提出突出问题导向,优化政策供给,下足绣花功夫,着力激发贫困人口内生动力,夯实贫困人口稳定脱贫基础等具体要求。这意味着各地在扶贫工作中,需要认真反思以往“资金+盖房”的单一做法,集中力量改善深度贫困地区发展条件,着力解决深度贫困地区群众特殊困难,树立脱贫光荣导向,弘扬自尊、自爱、自强精神,提高贫困群众的自我发展能力。
在脱贫攻坚中坚持问题导向,既是实现精准扶贫精准脱贫的现实需要,也是将从严治党要求贯穿于脱贫攻坚全过程的重要保障。即,只有实施最严格的考核评估才能保证脱贫过程扎实、脱贫结果真实,只有优良的工作作风才能保障脱贫攻坚有力有序不断推进。总之,唯有坚持问题导向,方能确保打赢脱贫攻坚战,确保到2020年贫困地区和贫困人口同全国一道进入全面小康社会。
Problem-Oriented Approaches
Having a strong awareness of problems, taking problem-oriented approaches, then forming new mechanisms for solving the problems – this has been a major tactic in governance by the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core since 2012.
In poverty alleviation, taking problem-oriented approaches means setting strict requirements, doing solid work, and finding timely solutions to problems related to attitudes, conduct and methods. Xi insists on tackling such problems as weakness in the “Four Consciousnesses,” failure in taking on responsibility, not being down-to-earth in daily work, imposing irrelevant measures, irregularities in fund management and usage, and lax review and evaluation. The evaluation mechanism is being improved, with thorough methods and determined action to crack hard nuts, in order to ensure that evaluation is effective and pragmatic and can truly guide targeted poverty alleviation.
On May 31, 2018, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee met to deliberate a Three-year Guideline on Winning the Battle Against Poverty. The document proposed taking problem-oriented approaches, improving relevant policies, doing meticulous work, fostering the internal initiative of the poor, and laying sound foundations for them to escape poverty. With these requirements, officials need to reflect upon their previous practice of “simply providing money and building housing.” They should instead concentrate the resources to boost the development of deeply impoverished areas, help the severely impoverished solve their special problems, foster their pride in getting rid of poverty, and enhance their capacity for self-development.
Problem-oriented approaches are needed in practical work. Strict review and evaluation can prompt effective work and true delivery, and proper conduct on the part of officials can result in constant and orderly progress in poverty elimination. This will ensure victory in the battle against poverty, with all poor regions and disadvantaged people entering a moderately prosperous society by 2020 together with the rest of the country.
