健康扶贫
国务院扶贫办建档立卡数据显示,截至2015年年底,因病致贫、因病返贫的贫困人口近2000万人,占贫困人口总数的44.1%。其中,患大病的和慢性病的是734万人。在各种致贫原因中,因病致贫在各地区都排在最前面。健康不良的状态容易导致贫困,贫困又容易滋生疾病,贫困人口极易陷入“疾病—贫困—疾病”的恶性循环。
因此,保障贫困人口的健康权利,防止因病致贫、因病返贫,开展健康扶贫,成为脱贫攻坚的重点领域。健康扶贫是国家精准扶贫精准脱贫方略的重要组成部分,是确保打赢脱贫攻坚战、实现全面建成小康社会目标的重要举措。为此,国家卫生计生委、国务院扶贫办等部门联合印发《关于实施健康扶贫工程的指导意见》,强调健康扶贫工程要按照脱贫攻坚战“两不愁三保障”的要求,聚焦贫困人口“基本医疗有保障”这一总体目标,落实健康中国和乡村振兴两大战略,通过大病集中救治一批、慢病签约服务管理一批、重病兜底保障一批“三个一批”行动计划,努力让贫困人口“看得起病、看得好病、看得上病、少生病”。
The Health Program for Poverty Alleviation
According to the State Council Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development, nearly 20 million people in China were victims of poverty or had returned to poverty because of illness by the end of 2015, accounting for 44.1 percent of the total number of poor population. Illness was the main cause of poverty. Of this total, 7.34 million had serious or chronic illnesses. Bad health may cause poverty, and poverty can in turn lead to bad health, thus forming a vicious cycle of “illness – poverty – illness” among the poor.
Naturally, protecting these people’s right to health, preventing them from being trapped in or returning to poverty because of illness, and launching a health program are therefore very important features of China’s poverty alleviation effort. The health program is part of China’s targeted poverty elimination strategy, and an important measure to win the battle against poverty and achieve moderate prosperity in all respects.
In response to this, relevant government departments worked out the Guidelines on Implementing the Health Program for Poverty Alleviation. The program echoes China’s poverty alleviation goal of guaranteeing access to basic medical services, the Healthy China initiative and the strategy of rural revitalization. Efforts will be made to ensure that the poor can afford medical services and seldom fall ill, as they can expect help from serious illness insurance and chronic illness services, and government funds will cover the remaining cost of critical ailments after the relevant reimbursements.
