提高脱贫质量
脱贫攻坚规定了扶贫对象的量化脱贫标准,“一达标、两不愁、三保障”。但是,容易被忽视的是,单纯地套用脱贫标准来评价是否脱贫容易导致数字脱贫、虚假脱贫现象。脱贫质量的概念由此应运而生,其意义是让脱贫标准回归真正脱贫的内涵。在某种意义上,可以说脱贫质量是完整版的脱贫标准,内涵包括结果真实、稳定脱贫、效益良好和程序规范四个方面。
对此,习近平指出,脱贫既要看数量,更要看质量,不能到时候都说完成了脱贫任务,过一两年又大规模返贫。要多管齐下提高脱贫质量,巩固脱贫成果。要严把贫困退出关,严格执行退出的标准和程序,确保脱真贫、真脱贫。要把防止返贫摆在重要位置,适时组织对脱贫人口开展“回头看”,对返贫人口和新发生贫困人口及时予以帮扶。要探索建立稳定脱贫长效机制,强化产业扶贫,组织消费扶贫,加大培训力度,促进转移就业,让贫困群众有稳定的工作岗位。要做好易地扶贫搬迁后续帮扶。要加强扶贫同扶志扶智相结合,让脱贫具有可持续的内生动力。
Enhancing the Effectiveness of Poverty Elimination
China has set clear standards for poverty elimination. But if these standards are simplistically applied in evaluating the results, it may lead to fake poverty elimination or being apparent only in figures. So the effectiveness of poverty elimination must be ensured, with outcomes, stability, effects and procedures all taken into consideration.
Xi Jinping emphasizes the need for both “quality” and “quantity.” It will be a failure if poverty is reportedly eliminated, but within one or two years the people return to poverty again. Progress must be demonstrable, and evaluation of the results must follow strict criteria in accordance with strict procedures.
To prevent people from returning to poverty, follow-up checks at appropriate intervals will be conducted, and timely assistance provided to those newly caught in poverty or returning to poverty. A long-term mechanism for stable poverty elimination will be built to support local business development, boost consumption of local products and services, provide training, and create stable jobs for the poor. Follow-up assistance will continue after relocation, and the poor will acquire necessary skills to escape poverty with more confidence, so that poverty elimination will be sustained through their internal impetus.
