最严格的考核评估
为确保脱贫成效经得起实践、人民、历史检验,中共中央明确要求实行最严格的考核评估制度。近年来,以国务院扶贫办为核心的主要扶贫单位相继实行了严格的考核制度,确保贫困人口享受到扶贫政策。尤其是在脱贫攻坚考核评估方面,开展了包括国家有关部门的考核、省际之间的交叉考核、委托科研机构进行的第三方评估考核等。
中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅2016年2月印发了《省级党委和政府扶贫开发工作成效考核办法》,提出将考核结果作为对省级党委、政府主要负责人和领导班子综合考核评价的重要依据。
《办法》旨在确保到2020年现行标准下农村贫困人口实现脱贫,贫困县全部摘帽,解决区域性整体贫困,适用于中西部22个省(自治区、直辖市)党委和政府扶贫开发工作成效的考核。《办法》明确,考核工作从2016年到2020年,每年开展一次,由国务院扶贫开发领导小组组织进行,具体工作由国务院扶贫办、中央组织部牵头,会同国务院扶贫开发领导小组成员单位组织实施。
根据《办法》,考核内容包括:(1)减贫成效。考核贫困人口数量减少、贫困县退出、贫困地区农村居民收入增长情况。(2)精准识别。考核贫困人口识别、退出精准度。(3)精准帮扶。考核对驻村工作队和帮扶责任人帮扶工作的满意度。(4)扶贫资金。依据财政专项扶贫资金绩效考评办法,重点考核各省(自治区、直辖市)扶贫资金安排、使用、监管和成效等。
考核中发现下列问题的,由国务院扶贫开发领导小组提出处理意见:未完成年度减贫计划任务的;违反扶贫资金管理使用规定的;违反贫困县约束规定,发生禁止作为事项的;违反贫困退出规定,弄虚作假、搞“数字脱贫”的;贫困人口识别和退出准确率、帮扶工作群众满意度较低的;存在纪检、监察、审计和社会监督发现违纪违规问题的。
《办法》明确,考核结果由国务院予以通报。对完成年度减贫计划成效显著的省份,给予一定奖励。对出现前述问题的,对省级党委、政府主要负责人进行约谈,提出限期整改要求;对情节严重、造成不良影响的,追究相应责任。
Strictest Review and Evaluation of Poverty Elimination
China has introduced the strictest system for review and evaluation to ensure that poverty elimination policies reach the poor and the results stand the tests of practice, the people and history. Reviews conducted by government departments, cross-reviews between provinces, and third party evaluations by scientific research institutions have been carried out.
In February 2016 the central authorities issued the Methods for Evaluating the Performances of Provincial Party Committees and Governments in Poverty Alleviation and Development, making the evaluation results a major criterion for overall assessment of provincial-level leaderships.
The document applies to the 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipality in central and western China to ensure that the three goals for 2020 are fulfilled: helping all rural population living under current poverty line escape poverty, eliminating poverty in all poor countries, and eliminating overall regional poverty. The State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development is in charge of organizing annual evaluations from 2016 to 2020, which are conducted by its member units headed by the Leading Group’s office and the Department of Organization under the CPC Central Committee.
According to the document, the evaluation covers the following areas:
(1) Results of poverty reduction, reflected by a decrease in poor population, poverty elimination in poor counties, and increased incomes for rural residents in poor areas;
(2) Precise identification of the poor population and assessment of their escape from poverty;
(3) Precise assistance, reflected by the satisfaction of the resident work teams and staff designated for the assistance; and
(4) Assistance funds, reflected by the arrangement, usage, supervision and impact of the funds in provinces, autonomous regions and municipality.
The Leading Group will deal with the following problems:
•Failure to complete yearly poverty reduction tasks;
•Violations of relevant rules on the usage and management of relief funds;
•Violations of relevant prohibitions concerning poor counties;
•Fake poverty reduction or reduction apparent only in figures;
•Low accuracy in poverty identification and elimination;
•Low satisfaction of the people assisted; and
•Violations of other discipline and rules discovered by the disciplinary inspection, supervision and auditing authorities and by the public.
The results of the evaluation will be made public by the State Council. Provinces, autonomous regions and municipality will be rewarded for notably fulfilling the yearly poverty reduction plans. If the above-listed problems are found, the chief officials will be summoned and given a deadline to rectify the situation; and if there are serious problems and adverse consequences, the chief officials will be held accountable.
