军备控制
军备控制,是指国家或国际组织通过双边或多边国际条约对武器系统的研究、试验、生产、部署、使用及转让或军队规模等进行的限制,目的在于减轻军事存在的危险性和一旦战争爆发时进行相对的克制。
中国重视并积极参与国际军备控制进程,主张充分发挥联合国及其他相关国际组织和多边机制作用,巩固和加强现有多边军控、裁军和防扩散体系,尊重和照顾各国正当合理安全关切,维护全球战略平衡和稳定。在核裁军方面,中国一贯主张全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器。在防扩散方面,中国坚决反对大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具扩散,参加了防扩散领域所有的国际条约和相关国际组织。在禁止化学、生物武器方面,中国认真履行《禁止化学武器公约》《禁止生物武器公约》的各项义务,建立了相应的履约机制。在防止外空军备竞赛方面,中国政府一贯主张和平利用外空,反对外空武器化和外空军备竞赛。在常规武器军控方面,中国严格履行《特定常规武器公约》及其议定书规定的各项义务,按要求提交公约及其所附《地雷议定书》年度履约报告。在军费透明和常规武器转让登记方面,中国从2007年起参加联合国军费透明制度,同年起恢复参加联合国常规武器登记册并提交年度报告,致力于增进与世界各国的军事互信。此外,中国始终将军队的数量和规模控制在维护国家安全需要的最低限度,多次主动采取单方面的裁军行动。
Arms Control
Arms control is exercised by countries or international organizations through bilateral or multilateral treaties to restrict the development, testing, production, deployment, use or transfer of weaponry systems, or to put a limit on the size of militaries, in order to reduce any risk associated with military presence, and put the use of force under restrictions in case of war.
China attaches great importance to and actively participates in global arms control process, supports the crucial role of the United Nations, other international organizations and multilateral mechanisms in global arms control, and calls for efforts to strengthen existing multilateral arms control, disarmament and nonproliferation regimes. China endeavors to accommodate other countries’ legitimate security concerns and maintain global strategic balance and stability.
On nuclear disarmament, China always advocates the complete prohibition and destruction of nuclear weapons. With respect to nonproliferation, China stands firm against the spread of weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems, and participates in all international treaties on nonproliferation and related international organizations.
On prohibition of chemical and biological weapons, China is fully committed to the obligations under the Chemical Weapons Convention and the Biological Weapons Convention and has established corresponding implementation mechanisms. With regard to prevention of arms race in outer space, the Chinese government calls for peaceful use of outer space, and is opposed to its militarization and any arms race there.
On conventional weapons control, China strictly abides by its obligations under the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons and its protocols, including submission of annual national reports reviewing its efforts to implement the Convention and its Protocol on Mines, Booby-traps and Other Devices.
Regarding transparency in military spending and registration of transfers of conventional arms, China joined the UN Standardized Instrument for Reporting Military Expenditures in 2007 and resumed submission of annual reports to the UN Register of Conventional Arms the same year in an effort to build trust among countries.
Moreover, China always keeps the scale of its military to the minimum level required for national security, and has taken the initiative to cut its armed forces several times.
