退役军人管理保障
退役军人是党和国家的宝贵财富。新中国成立后,解放军和武警部队先后有5700余万人退出现役。退役军人管理保障,主要包括褒扬彰显退役军人为党、国家和人民牺牲奉献的精神风范和价值导向,军队转业干部、复员干部、退休干部、退役士兵的移交安置工作和自主择业退役军人服务管理、待遇保障工作,退役军人教育培训、优待抚恤等工作,全国拥军优属工作,烈士及退役军人荣誉奖励、军人公墓维护以及纪念活动。习近平在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会的报告中强调,组建退役军人管理保障机构,维护军人军属合法权益,让军人成为全社会尊崇的职业。按照中国共产党十九届三中全会《决定》和中华人民共和国十三届全国人大一次会议批准的国务院机构改革方案,2018年3月组建退役军人事务部,作为国务院组成部门。这对建立健全集中统一、职责清晰的退役军人管理保障体制具有重要意义。
Veteran Affairs Management and Veteran Support
Veterans are valuable to the Party and the state. Since the founding of the People’s Republic in 1949, 57 million people have been demobilized from the PLA and the PAP. Veteran affairs management and veteran support include:
•development of a culture that holds veterans in high regard and rewards them for their dedication and contribution to the Party, the nation and the people;
•assistance to demobilized or retired officers and honorably discharged military personnel to ensure their smooth transition to civilian life, including provision of job placement services, assistance with choosing jobs, and benefits support services;
•education, occupational training, preferential policies, compensation and benefits management;
•engagements by government agencies at all levels to support the military and military families; and
•military family and military service appreciation and award programs, maintenance of military cemeteries, and organization of commemoration events.
In his report to the 19th CPC National Congress, Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of establishing veteran support mechanisms and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of military personnel and their families to ensure that military careers are respected in society.
In accordance with the outcome document of the Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee and the State Council organizational reform plan adopted by the 13th NPC at its first session, the Ministry of Veterans Affairs was established under the State Council in March 2018. The move is key to creating a unified veteran support system with well-defined responsibilities.
