世界桥梁博物馆
贵州是世界上特大峡谷桥数量最多而且最密集的地区之一。目前,贵州已建公路桥梁超2.6万座,几乎包揽当今世界上全部的桥型,堪称“世界桥梁博物馆”。
目前,世界已建和在建高桥前100名中,近一半在贵州;前10名中贵州占5座。仅以2016年为例,这一年建成的三座大桥都跻身世界前十位,其中杭瑞高速毕都段北盘江大桥高565米排名第一,鸭池河大桥高434米排名第五,清水河大桥高406米排名第六。
贵州桥梁还成了世界各地冒险家们的乐园,在北盘江大桥和坝陵河大桥等地,冒险家们挑战包括370米蹦极、高空秋千、滑翔伞、速降、跳伞等极限运动。贵州高速公路为什么桥梁多呢?这和山高谷深的地理环境有关系,但是,更大的原因在于生态考量。贵州高速公路建设选择等高线的高位,这可以最大限度地减少破坏山体,最大限度地减少占用土地,最大限度地避免滑坡等地质灾害隐患。而且,在公路桥梁线路方案的选择上,尽量绕开环境敏感点。
A Museum of the World's Bridges
Guizhou has the world's largest number and highest density of giant highway bridges over valleys. Today, there are 26,000 highway bridges in the province, covering almost all types of bridges in the world. That makes Guizhou a "Museum of the World's Bridges".
Nearly half of the world's top 100 high bridges built and under construction are in Guizhou, including five of the top 10. Three bridges erected in 2016, for example, all rank among the top 10 in the world. Specifically, Beipanjiang Bridge at the Bidu section of Hangzhou-Ruili Expressway ranks first with a height of 565 meters, Yachihe Bridge ranks fifth with a height of 434 meters, and Qingshuihe Bridge ranks sixth with a height of 406 meters.
The bridges in Guizhou have attracted daredevils from around the world. They would challenge themselves with extreme sports such as 370-meter bungee jumping, high-altitude swings, paragliding, downhill longboarding, and skydiving at Beipanjiang Bridge, Balinghe Bridge and other bridges. Why are there so many bridges on Guizhou's expressways? It has something to do with the geographical feature of high mountains and deep valleys, but more consideration is given to the environment. In Guizhou, expressways are located at high positions in a contour map. This can minimize the damage to mountains, the occupation of land, and geological hazards such as landslides. Moreover, Guizhou does its best to bypass environmentally sensitive areas in the design of road bridge routes.
