华夏古都
中国八大古代都城包括西安、洛阳、南京、北京、开封、杭州、安阳和郑州。其中，河南省占据四席，包括洛阳、开封、安阳、郑州。
洛阳拥有千年建都史，夏、商、西周、东周、东汉、三国魏、西晋、北魏、隋、唐（含武周）、后梁、后唐、后晋等十三朝以洛为都，洛阳成为中国建都时间最长的城市，拥有“十三朝古都”之称。
开封先后有夏朝、战国魏国、后梁、后晋、后汉、后周、宋朝、金朝等在此定都，有“八朝古都”之称，孕育了上承汉唐、下启明清、影响深远的“宋文化”。开封是世界上一座城市中轴线从未变动的都城，城摞城遗址在世界考古史和都城史上少有。
安阳是商朝的都城，甲骨文的故乡，后母戊鼎的发现地，《周易》的发源地，也是中国历史上第一个文献可考并为甲骨文所证实的都城。安阳有着3300多年的建城史，前后共有七个王朝在安阳建都。
郑州有3000多年建都史，夏、商、西周管国、春秋郑国、战国韩国建都于此。郑州商城是迄今所知中国最早且规模最大的都城，也是中国历史上第一个建有城垣的王都。
The Ancient Capital Cities
Among the eight major ancient capitals in China – Xi'an, Nanjing, Beijing, Hangzhou, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Anyang and Zhengzhou, the last four are all located in Henan Province.
Luoyang served as the capital of 13 dynasties and kingdoms for more than 1,000 years in total, the longest among all capital cities. The 13 dynasties are: Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou, Eastern Han, Kingdom of Wei during the Three Kingdoms Period, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang (including the Wuzhou era), Later Liang, Later Tang, and Later Jin.
Kaifeng served as the capital of eight ruling courts – Xia, State of Wei during the Warring States Period, Later Liang, Later Jin, Later Han, Later Zhou, Northern Song, and Jin. It nurtured the influential culture of the Song Dynasty, a transitioning period from the Han and the Tang to the Ming and the Qing dynasties. Throughout history, Kaifeng has had the same axis without any change, and the discovery of several capital cities underneath it, one on top of another, is a rarity in world archaeological history and the history of capitals.
Anyang first became a capital city more than 3,300 years ago and continued to serve as such for seven kingdoms or dynasties, including the Shang. It is the first capital city in Chinese history that is referenced in historical literature and corroborated by oracle-bone inscriptions. The oracle-bone inscriptions and the Houmuwu square cauldron were found here, and the book Zhou Yi was also created here.
Zhengzhou first became a capital city more than 3,000 years ago and served as such for the dynasties of Xia and Shang, State of Guan during the Western Zhou Dynasty, State of Zheng during the Spring and Autumn Period, and State of Han during the Warring States Period. The Shang Dynasty City Ruins in downtown Zhengzhou is the earliest and largest capital city discovered in China so far and the first capital protected by surrounding city walls.
