西汉生态环保墙书
西汉生态环保墙书指墙壁题记《使者和中所督察诏书四时月令五十条》，1992年出土于悬泉置遗址。发掘时，文字一面反扣地面，破损严重。复原后长222厘米、宽48厘米，全文101行。此墙书内容为西汉元始五年（公元5年）以太皇太后名义颁布的诏书，左下角书写诏书名称，左侧是具体颁布过程，可知其由长安经敦煌郡、效谷县被悬泉置抄写公布在墙上。
墙书中间为诏书正文，详细列出四时及孟仲季12个月的具体条文。每条令文首起有“·”标注，上端是正文，下部是具体解释。诏书中说，因为太皇太后有感于西汉末年“阴阳不调、风雨不时”，专门按照《月令》“春生、夏长、秋收、冬藏”之义而制定的条令，如春天不能捣鸟窝，孟夏时不能砍伐大树等。这些观念与现在倡导的环境保护观念相吻合，被称为2000年前的“环境保护法”，是迄今为止我国发现最早的一部关于环境保护的法规。其本身既是研究汉代诏书起草、内容、传布形式和过程的典型标本资料，也是研究西汉末年社会政治生活的绝佳素材。
Eco-Themed Wall Text of the Western Han Dynasty
The eco-themed wall text of the Western Han Dynasty is the inscription of Fifty Articles of Seasonal and Monthly Ordinances from the Imperial Edict Supervised by the Imperial Envoy and the Zhonghe Office, which was unearthed in 1992 at the Xuanquan Posthouse Site. During the excavation, one side of the text was found facing the ground and severely damaged. After restoration, it measures 222 centimeters in length and 48 centimeters in width, consisting of 101 lines of text. This wall text is a decree issued in the name of the then empress dowager in 5 AD, in the Western Han Dynasty. The name of the decree is written in the lower left corner, and the left side details the specific process of its issuance. Clearly, the text was copied and publicly displayed on the wall at Xuanquan Posthouse after being transmitted from Chang'an through Dunhuang Prefecture and Xiaogu County.
The center of the wall text contains the main body of the decree, which details specific provisions for each month of the four seasons. Each provision begins with a bullet point ("·") for emphasis, with the main text at the top and specific explanations below. The decree states that the empress dowager, feeling concerned about the "imbalance of yin and yang, and irregular wind and rain" during the late Western Han Dynasty, specially formulated these regulations based on the principles outlined in The Book of Rites: Monthly Ordinances, which underlines "spring growth, summer flourishing, autumn harvest, and winter storage". For instance, it prohibits disturbing bird nests in spring and cutting down large trees in early summer. These concepts align with contemporary environmental protection ideas, earning the text a reputation as "2,000-year-old environmental protection law". It is also regarded as the earliest known legislation concerning environmental protection discovered in China to date. As such, it serves as a valuable reference for the study of the drafting, content, dissemination, and processes of Han-dynasty decrees as well as an excellent resource for the examination of the socio-political life of the late Western Han period.
