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商丘火神台庙会

发布时间:2025-06-11 | 来源:当代中国与世界研究院

商丘火神台庙会

商丘火神台坐落在河南省商丘市睢阳区古城西南2千米处,是人们为纪念火神阏伯而建。公元前2300年,阏伯发明了以火纪时的历法,在管火的同时筑造阏伯台观察星辰,据此测定自然变化和年成好坏,为古代中国的天文学作出了重要贡献。阏伯呕心沥血、教化民众,深受人民爱戴,被民间尊为“火神”。 

传说农历正月初七是阏伯的诞辰,自古以来,商丘周边豫、鲁、苏、皖四省交界的群众,特别是商汤子姓的后裔子孙,在这一天前后,怀着对祖先无比崇敬的心情,前去朝台进香,于是形成规模盛大的庙会。庙会一般从农历正月初一开始,到二月二方散。六月二十三,也是传说中火神的祭日,周边四省群众仍是络绎不绝,朝台进香,庙会一般也长达10天。

火神台庙会以商丘悠久的历史文化资源为依托,以火神台景区为平台,以火神祭祀为载体,整合利用商丘丰富的群众文化元素及民间民俗文化资源,将商丘地区独具特色的民俗民间文化资源荟萃于此,打造成了具有浓郁豫东特色的民俗活动盛典。2021年5月,商丘火神台庙会被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

Huoshentai Temple Fair in Shangqiu

Huoshentai (God of Fire Platform), located about two kilometers to the southwest of the ancient city site of Shangqiu, Henan Province, was built in memory of Yan Bo, the God of Fire and the earliest ancestor of the Shang clan. In 2300 BC, Yan Bo invented a calendar that marked time based on the movement of Antares, called the "star of fire" by the ancient people, and built a platform to observe the stars to predict natural changes and harvest, making great contributions to astronomy in ancient China. Yan Bo devoted himself to teaching and helping the people and was deeply loved by them and remembered as the "God of Fire."

Legend has it that the seventh day of the first month in the lunar calendar is the birthday of Yan Bo. Since ancient times, the local residents and people living in the neighboring provinces of Shandong, Jiangsu, and Anhui, especially those with surnames originating from "Zi," the surname of Tang who was the first ruler of the Shang Dynasty, would visit the star-observing platform around this day and burn incense sticks to commemorate their ancestor. This activity has gradually evolved into a grand temple fair that usually lasts a month – from the first day of the first month to the second day of the second month in the lunar calendar. There is also another fair, lasting about 10 days around the 23rd day of the sixth lunar month, the alleged anniversary of the death of the God of Fire, when people would come to the platform again to worship the god.

The Huoshentai Temple Fair, deriving from Shangqiu's long history and traditional culture and incorporating its rich, distinct folk customs, has become a public gala infused with strong eastern Henan charatcteristics. A scenic zone is also developed around the platform. In May 2021, the Shangqiu Huoshentai Temple Fair was included in China's list of national intangible cultural heritage.